For retracting anchor and chain machinery on board. Using human, steam engine, electric motor and hydraulic motor as power. Usually installed on the first floor of the ship. The trend of its development is to achieve operation, anchor mooring, mooring and automatic mooring for a unit. According to the driving form can be divided into: manual, electric, hydraulic.
Photo of our Anchor Windlass:
Anchor windlass requirements
The windlass is the anchor and the anchor of the machinery, also used as mooring. There are some requirements for the anchor machine in our country:
1), the anchor should be independent of the original drive
2), the anchor rating should be not less than 41.68d2N (4.25d2kgf), when the d<25mm rating should not be less than 36.8d2N (3.75d2dgf), D for the chain diameter, the unit is mm. The average speed should be no less than 9m/min when the rated tension is used.
3) anchor machine under rated tension and speed should be continuous 30min, and should be continuous work in not less than 1.5 times of the rated tension overload tension under 2min; in addition to anchor machine should be equipped with overload protection device, overload can be transferred to the medium speed operation.
4), anchor chain sprocket on the brake should be reliable, 45 per cent of the brake chain fracture load pull (when freedom anchor at speeds of up to 5~7.5m/s can still stopped on the outskirts of falling chain); between the anchor machine chain wheel and axle load should be a clutch, brake and clutch manipulation is convenient and reliable; anchor machine operation should be along the reverse rotation and smoothly and rapidly.
5) anchor machine installation shall ensure the cable leads three eyes (hawsepipe, chain, sprocket and line).
There are two kinds of horizontal and vertical anchor machine, the general use of the ship on the horizontal anchor. And vertical anchor machine also called anchor capstan (for) and part of its power in below deck, to save the deck area and warships on the vertical anchor machine. Recent large ships, because the anchor machine size is too large, the bow deck to accommodate and operation of adverse, therefore, using vertical anchor machine.
Classification of anchor machine
Type of anchor machine
Anchor machine is mainly by the base, a bracket, a chain wheel, brakes, sprocket, gear box, control system (manual windlasses except and other components, electric windlass motor and hydraulic windlass with hydraulic pump station.
The main specifications of the windlass include diameter of anchor chain, anchor nominal speed, rated load, support load, speed, power system etc..
Windlass in ship installation to ensure the chain and sprocket wrap angle is 117 - 120 degrees.
The type of anchor windlass can be divided into 12-- Phi Phi 120mm several kinds of specifications in accordance with the diameter of anchor chain.
According to the driving mechanism of energy points --- manual windlass, anchor steam machine, electric anchor machine (DC electric windlass, AC electric anchor machine) and hydraulic windlass (high pressure type anchor hydraulic machine, pressure type anchor hydraulic machine, pressure type anchor hydraulic machine.
- horizontal anchor machine, vertical anchor chain wheel machine according to the center line direction (winch)
According to the arrangement of the general (integral) type anchor machine, one side (independent) type anchor machine, the combined type of anchor machine
2, the characteristics of various types of anchor
A. manual anchor machine
The weight does not exceed 250kg of the anchor, according to the working conditions, if it can be suitable for use, you can configure the manual anchor. Manual anchor machine is only used in inland river small ship, it should prevent the handle from injuring people.
B. steam anchor machine
Steam windlass has been widely applied in the steam ship, currently used for large tankers. The firm structure, reliable work, no dangers caused by fire, but the steam engine efficiency low, huge structure, laying on the deck for a long pipeline heat loss, deck steam engine cylinder pressure is generally not more than 0.8MPa, operation management problems, in Yan Hanji day when the weather is cold, before use to fully warm engine, to discharge the residual water.
C. electric anchor machine
Electric anchor machine is currently the most widely used in the ship.
According to the power system of the ship, the electric anchor machine has DC motor and AC. DC motor speed control characteristics, high efficiency, but the high cost of the initial set, the brush should be regularly maintained.
AC motor speed adjustment performance is poor, usually only have a variable speed, depending on the pole or by the motor and the anchor of a set of speed reducer to get a number of speed grades. This set of gear reducer, due to the need of a large reduction ratio, and consider the transmission and the reliability of the work of the anchor and other issues, the structure is more complex, the weight and size of the area occupied by the larger deck.
Reducer transmission device often used spherical worm and worm gear transmission, spur gear transmission, planetary gear transmission and other transmission mode. Generally speaking, the planetary gear reduction gear transmission mechanism of light weight, small size, high transmission efficiency, maintenance is simple, so the current application more.
D. hydraulic anchor machine
Hydraulic anchor machine is mainly rely on hydraulic device to carry out and control the action of the anchor. Hydraulic anchor machine because of its hydraulic energy from the motor driven oil pump device, also known as electric hydraulic anchor. It has the following characteristics:
(1) with a good speed control performance of the DC motor.
(2) usually uses the low speed high torque hydraulic motor, low speed, large output torque, no longer need to set up a huge mechanical reducer, can directly drive a chain wheel.
(3) hydraulic drive with self made dynamic performance, work safety and reliability.
(4) compact structure, small weight and size of unit power. .
(5) easy to operate, maintenance is simple.
(6) easy to realize remote control and automation
Anchor Windlass Marine Anchor Windlass,Ship Anchor Windlass,High Quality Anchor Windlass,Electric Anchor Windlass Unisite Group Ltd. , https://www.shipsparts.nl
[China Agricultural Machinery Industry News] Since 2008, the three governments in Northeast China, Inner Mongolia (agricultural land, commercial and residential areas, industrial areas) implemented the corn government market acquisition policy, this year by the "producer to sell corn on the market" plus "government directly The new mechanism of subsidies was replaced by the intention to explore breakthroughs in agricultural supply-side reforms. The price of corn entering the market has fallen sharply in the early stage. In November, prices have rebounded. At the same time, the subsidy policy is becoming increasingly clear.
Corn producers subsidize land renters or face losses
At present, the central government has allocated two batches of subsidy funds, totaling about 39 billion yuan. According to the central government's approval of corn producer subsidy funds, the subsidies in the three northeastern provinces and Inner Mongolia are between 120 yuan/mu and 135 yuan/mu. With the second batch of funds, the unit subsidy will rise to 155 yuan/ Mu to 170 yuan / mu. For every pound of corn, farmers are expected to receive a subsidy of 1 to 2 to 3 gross per mu. On this basis, for the farmers who grow corn on their own, there may be a slight surplus, but in terms of land lease operations, there is still a loss.
Producer subsidies
How much to subsidize corn producers and how to make up is the key to the reform of the corn circulation system.
According to the Ministry of Finance disclosed in June, after the central government allocated the corn producer subsidy funds to the provincial finance, the provinces and regions will formulate specific subsidy implementation plans to determine the scope of subsidies, subsidies, subsidies and subsidies, etc.; The local government will concentrate the subsidy funds to the advantageous production areas, and ensure that the corn planting income in the advantageous production areas is basically stable.
According to data released by the Ministry of Finance, on July 19, the central government allocated a total of 300.386 million yuan of subsidies for corn producers, including 662.515 million yuan in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and 457.78 million yuan in Liaoning (agricultural land, commercial and residential areas, industrial land), Jilin. (Agricultural land, commercial and residential areas, industrial land) Province 726.306 million yuan, Heilongjiang (agricultural land, commercial and residential land, industrial land) province 1157.51 million yuan.
On October 28, the central government allocated the second batch of corn producer subsidies of 900 million yuan, including 204.52 million yuan in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 141.32 million yuan in Liaoning Province, 224.21 million yuan in Jilin Province and 329.949 million yuan in Heilongjiang Province. The total amount of subsidies totaled 39 billion yuan.
Some places have already determined subsidy standards and issued subsidies. For example, according to the disclosure, the subsidy standard of Longjing City in Yanbian (agricultural land, commercial and residential land, industrial land) in Jilin Province is 106.233 yuan/mu. As of November 2, subsidy funds of 38.392 million yuan have been distributed, accounting for 97.81 of the amount of subsidies. %, 3,869 subsidized farmers have been issued, accounting for 96.22% of the total number of people who should be issued.
Some places have still not been issued. Laobai, a corn grower in the Fuyu area of ​​Jilin Province, told Caixin’s reporter that “there is no specific amount of subsidies, and the money has not yet come downâ€. The cockroach he is in has not yet started selling. The current price of corn is less than 1,200 yuan per ton. He is accustomed to the state's temporary reserve policy to collect grain. This year, he will pull the corn to the individual's grain collection point for sale.
Farmers directly face the market
The corn reserve reform has allowed farmers to face the market directly. In the year of the reform and storage reform, when the market and policies were unclear, some farmers began to wait and see and wait for the market price after the new corn was listed.
Laobai said that there are cases of corn growers who are "reluctant to sell", "because they sell, they look at the compensation."
He told Caixin reporter that he had 40 acres of corn, planted about 56,000 yuan, and harvested 40 tons of corn this year. "You can't sell six cents a pound." In the later stage, if it is sold at an estimated price of 1,120 yuan/ton, it can earn about 44,800 yuan and will lose 11,200 yuan. He heard that the subsidy would be between 170 yuan/mu and 200 yuan/mu, which can make up for some losses.
In the face of falling corn prices, he also "find ideas and planted something else", "not earning money is not necessarily, want to plant some potatoes."
According to the current market price, some farmers will save money or face losses. Li Guoxiang, a researcher at the Institute of Rural Development of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, believes that there is still a certain distance between the intensity of subsidies and the expectations of farmers.
According to data from Zhuochuang Information, the average monthly price of corn in the country fell from 1,758 yuan/ton in September to 1,633 yuan/ton in October, a decrease of 13.1% compared with the average price in October of the same period last year. Compared with last year's corn market price, the price of corn in Northeast China fell by 350 yuan/ton this year.