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[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] China Economic Trends Research Institute and the National Bureau of Statistics China Economic Climate Monitoring Center jointly issued the China Agricultural Economic Climate Index in the third quarter of 2016, the total output of summer grain is 13.92 million tons (278.52 billion kilograms). Compared with 2015, the production was reduced by 1.621 million tons (3.24 billion jin), a decrease of 1.2%, which is the second highest production year in history.
Where is the need to improve the competitiveness of China Food?
In the first three quarters, China's imports of grain and its products were US$5.31 billion, down 34.4% year-on-year, and the decline continued to expand. The decline in cereal imports such as corn and sorghum, as well as the decline in international food prices, are the main reasons for the continued decline in the decline in imports of cereals and their products. Data show that in the first three quarters, China's corn and sorghum imports fell by 34.3% and 29.8%, respectively, while the first half of the year increased by 9.6% and decreased by 24.4% respectively; the import value decreased by 44.4% and 46.4%, respectively. In the first half of the year, it expanded by 32.6 and 5.8 percentage points. The decline in imports is higher than the decline in imports, indicating that international food prices are lower.
The Central Rural Work Conference, which was closed not long ago, proposed to accurately grasp the work direction of “agriculture, rural areas and farmers†under the new situation, and deepen the structural reform of the supply side of agriculture; and to optimize the industrial product structure on the basis of ensuring national food security. Since 2004, China's grain output has achieved “twelve consecutive increasesâ€, but the development bottlenecks such as high cost, low efficiency, lack of innovation capacity, mismatch between supply and demand, lag in production and service, and institutional constraints have become increasingly prominent. It is one of the current and future directions for agricultural reform and development to achieve cost reduction and short-term improvement through the structural reform of agricultural supply side and improve the comprehensive efficiency and competitiveness of “China Foodâ€.
The price of agricultural products in China is higher than the price in the international market, resulting in weak competitiveness. To increase competitiveness, agricultural production costs must be reduced. The first is to steadily promote large-scale operations and reduce production costs. On the basis of adhering to the bottom line of collective ownership of land, according to the innovative model of separation of powers, it encourages the development of various forms of land management rights transfer market and service platform, and promotes the orderly and standardized circulation of land management rights. Expand the scale of production and operation through land acquisition, land custody, production cooperation, etc., and promote the transformation of grain cultivation from the traditional decentralized operation of farmers to a new management system that combines intensification, specialization, organization and socialization to improve production efficiency and reduce Unit food production costs.
Second, use "Internet +" to reduce logistics costs. Rural e-commerce has now entered the growth stage driven by multiple entities. The number of platform-type agricultural products has exceeded 3,000, which has effectively promoted the development of rural logistics. Guide agricultural resources and grain circulation enterprises to develop specialized agricultural materials sales, grain warehousing and logistics business, promote rural logistics distribution in the county area as a whole, and integrate with provincial and municipal logistics, and effectively improve rural logistics efficiency.
Third, give play to the role of modern agricultural demonstration parks in the main body of new grain management and improve production quality. The food production of 283 modern agricultural demonstration parks nationwide accounted for 40% of the national total, and the high standard farmland accounted for 53%, which was higher than the national average. The production and operation achieved standardization, scale and intensification, and became the vanguard of agricultural modernization. During the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan†period, the radiation function of the park should be strengthened, and the new grain management entities in the surrounding areas should be developed and intelligently produced, extending to both ends of the supply chain. At the same time, we will strengthen source management and risk management, accelerate the construction of quality and safety traceability, risk assessment and grain early warning system, and vigorously improve production quality.
In addition to reducing costs and improving the competitiveness of "China Food", it is necessary to work hard to make up for the shortcomings.
The first is to fill the technical short board. Encourage grain enterprises to independently research and promote the common scientific and technological achievements of the application industry, and support the joint efforts of grain enterprises and scientific research units, especially to strengthen the support technology for food storage and storage, the new process and stabilization technology of by-products, and the nutritional quality of food products. Research on the rice noodle main food industry standard system. Encourage agricultural machinery enterprises to develop “smart†agricultural machinery. In the first half of 2016, the promotion and application of “National Three†agricultural machinery products, the mass production of 200 horsepower power shift tractors and the successful development of 400 horsepower continuously variable tractors marked the entry of domestic agricultural machinery into green environmental protection. "Automatic" era. Large-scale agricultural machinery enterprises such as China Yituo, Lovol Heavy Industries, and Zhonglian Heavy Machinery successively “goed out†and integrated the European and American R&D resources through acquisitions, breaking through the bottleneck of smart tractor development technology. In the future, agricultural machinery enterprises should be encouraged to intensify innovation and promote the upgrading of power shifting and the continuous manufacturing system of continuously variable tractors to solve the problem of insufficient supply in the agricultural machinery market.
The second is to supplement the grain enterprises and the shortcomings of grain and agriculture. Faced with the new demand for upgrading the consumption structure, grain enterprises should enrich and improve the green and nutritious level of food products, and promote the development of grain production in the direction of branding, personalization and customization. Advocate the development model of the whole industry chain, cultivate a comprehensive enterprise group integrating food production, warehousing, logistics, processing and trade, fully tap the comparative advantages, and actively participate in the international grain industry chain reconstruction and division of labor. According to the “Investigation Report on the Development Index of New Agricultural Business Subjectsâ€, the proportion of persons in charge of junior college education or above in family farms, farmer professional cooperatives and leading enterprises accounted for 7.29%, 13.29% and 38.29% respectively. The common demand of new and old grain farmers is to improve the level of knowledge and skills as soon as possible. It is necessary to strengthen the training of vocational quality of food and agriculture and network, mobile terminal, e-commerce and other skills training to improve the ability and level of “smart†production of grain farmers.
The third is to make up the service short board. In 2015, agricultural e-commerce financing and restructuring flourished, and various types of financing exceeded 7 billion yuan. With this momentum, all localities should improve the diversified investment and financing mechanism for agricultural e-commerce as soon as possible, implement the policy of land use, water use and net use for e-commerce development, support the development of vertical agricultural e-commerce, and promote the integration of grain enterprises, grain wholesale markets and e-commerce. Create a "food network economy." In addition, it is necessary to solve the problems of financing difficulties and financing expensive by creating a new type of agricultural socialization service system combining public welfare services and business services.
The fourth is to make up the institutional shortcomings. Adhere to the market-oriented reform orientation and protect the interests of grain farmers, reform and improve the grain storage and storage system; innovate the grain purchase method, guide enterprises to dock with various new types of grain management entities, and carry out personalized services such as order acquisition, collection and storage, and processing. Build a new grain purchase network system; improve the market regulation mechanism and explore the establishment of a domestic food support protection policy system linked to the price of rations and insurance, costs, subsidies and international market prices.