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A ship is a means of transport for people to use for floating water. The essential elements of a ship are: buoyancy, stability and strength.
The primary reason why a ship becomes a tool for navigation is that it can float on the water. One day in 250 BC, the ancient Greek mathematician Archimedes suddenly discovered the principle of buoyancy in a bath: an object in a liquid, subjected to buoyancy in the opposite direction to the weight of the liquid it displaces. Will float on this kind of liquid. A copper coin will sink to the bottom of the water, but the same copper coin will be knocked into a thin, shallow bowl. When it is placed in the water, it will float. It lifts the weight of a copper coin to make it float. (Picture) Whether it is a modern large ship or a handmade boat, the principle is the same.
In 1787, John Wilkinson used a piece of iron to cause a 21-meter-long barge "test" to float on the surface. In 1821, the first 32-meter-long iron-clam ship sailed safely through the English-French Strait, and Archimedes’s discovery made people truly convinced.
Modern ocean-going ships can carry thousands of passengers at a time, or thousands of tons of goods can travel across the ocean. It can withstand all kinds of terrible weather and the impact of waves in all directions. It also has powerful power and precise balance. It sends people overseas to explore, pioneer, and do business; it also turns people into pirates, can block the port, and destroy. The ship connects the various ethnic groups in the world and transports clothes and food for them. The ship also serves as a transport and replenishment task for the enemy, while the warship is engaged in a naval battle to rewrite human history. No matter how it is judged, the ship has developed to the present day, and it has been the result of thousands of years of human dying navigation experiments, and they have paid a heavy price for it.
The ship's manufacturing developed into the 19th century, the material of the shipbuilding changed from wood to metal, and the mechanical power also replaced the sail. Basically, however, the three major problems encountered by ancient people in making canoes with a piece of wood are still the key issues in the modern shipbuilding industry: buoyancy, stability and strength. Buoyancy is a reflection of the ability to float in any possible situation. It is the most fundamental element in making a ship a ship. Stability refers to the size and weight distribution used in shipbuilding, so that it can be combined with wind and waves. The power swings and can be restored to the upright and flat floating position; the strength is the firmness and reliability of the ship in the water, ensuring that the ship can support itself and the load under harsh conditions.
A ship must be able to float on the surface under any circumstances to ensure that the loss of life and property on board is reduced to a minimum. Therefore, a modern steel ship hull must be separated by a horizontally spaced cotton line that is impervious to the watertight bulkhead. If a part of the hull is flooded by collision, bombardment or other circumstances, the other tank can still retain enough buoyancy to sink, and the most subdivision is the tanker, when it is folded into two sections due to the collision. It can also float on the surface to ensure that the pollution caused by the loaded crude oil can be controlled within a limited range.
(Figure) A wooden boat in manufacturing. The reliability of wooden boats in navigation cannot be compared with ships made of steel.