With the advent of the Internet era, electronic devices such as mobile phones and computers are being updated more frequently. How to deal with the "aftermath" of electronic waste has also become a concern for the public. E-waste to find the best destination, to find a practical solution, our country has been working hard.

Top design and technology to enhance dual e-waste illnesses are expected to get rid of

In the information age, electronic products have become the darling of people, bringing unlimited fun and convenience to people's life and work. However, once these "electronic pets" have been abandoned, entering the ranks of e-waste will add more weight to our already fragile eco-system and even have disastrous consequences.

Admittedly, in addition to smartphones, computers, TVs, refrigerators, washing machines and other discarded appliances, which are accelerating in their speedup, they are also the main source of e-waste.

Relevant agencies, civil society and electronic industry organizations of the United Nations have co-sponsored a project entitled "Solving the Electronic Waste Problem," which released a report that the global e-waste volume in 2012 was about 48.9 million tons. It is estimated that by 2017, 65.4 million tons of electronic products such as TVs, mobile phones, electronic toys, computers, monitors and the like will be discarded each year in the world.

According to the relevant data, the average amount of household appliances that need to be scrapped in China is more than 20 million units a year, of which about 4 million refrigerators, more than 5 million washing machines, and more than 5 million television sets, On the other kitchen and toilet electrical equipment, the annual number of appliances scrapped amazing.

If we can turn these e-waste into treasure, its economic and environmental value should not be underestimated. A single aluminum, iron, copper, zinc and other metal raw material recycling can bring considerable benefits. In the case of aluminum, the energy used to recycle aluminum is only 5% of the energy used to produce aluminum through mining.

Throughout the world, the harm of electronic rubbish to the environment has become increasingly prominent. The harm caused by it has been paid more and more attention by the government of the country. Therefore, the e-waste governance is imminent.

It is understood that the current treatment of e-waste mainly includes two ways, one is the direct re-use in whole or in part, such as electronic products to repair the form of second-hand products for sale, can not be repaired, the available components can be removed as a maintenance Materials; the other way is to recover the raw materials and energy of electronic products. For example, waste electrical appliances can be disassembled, refined gold, copper, iron and many other valuable metals.

However, judging from the current situation in China, the status of e-waste recycling can not be optimistic. As China's electronic waste recycling professional started late, the recovery system is not perfect, a lot of e-waste dismantling illegal disposition, and the formation, including recycling, transportation, classification, dismantling and processing of refining many aspects of the gray radiation industry chain.

In addition, in the area of ​​e-waste recycling, there are still three major obstacles in our country. First, there is a lack of awareness among users of scientifically handling obsolete electronic products and e-waste. Informal e-waste recyclers also often lack relevant knowledge of behavioral hazards. Second, the lack of an effective incentive mechanism; Third, improper management of e-waste or ineffective supervision, the lack of appropriate disposal sites.

Some experts suggest that the government should formulate e-waste management measures as soon as possible to determine the competent authorities, a clear management responsibilities, increase the market for used electronic products and home appliances second-hand market supervision, the implementation of e-waste recycling enterprise qualification certification system. At the same time, the government should give some policy support, introduce and support enterprises that deal with electronic waste, promote the recycling of electronic waste and deal with large-scale and industrialized development.

Fortunately, the first regulation on the management of e-waste in our country is "Regulations on the Administration of the Recycling of Waste Household Appliances and Electronic Products" promulgated this year. By then, the e-waste disposal industry will usher in a new round of consolidation.

The face of menacing e-waste, in addition to improving the top-level design, the relevant experts and scholars did not stop, continue to update the treatment. So, what are the effective countermeasures scientists have taken?

Conventional methods of disposal of electronic waste are mainly chemical treatment, fire, mechanical treatment, electrochemical or a combination of several methods. At this stage, scientists study found that biodegradable materials used in electronic products is an effective way to solve the problem of e-waste, that is, through the microbial treatment, called warrior to resolve e-waste.

The main body of electronic waste is polymer materials, biodegradable polymer materials, microbial hydrolysis through the enzyme, cutting the polymer surface of the polymer chain to generate small molecule compounds, to achieve "degradation" process; and then the degradation of the product was Microbial intake into the body, into the body of microorganisms or microbial energy into the activity, through various metabolic pathways, eventually converted to carbon dioxide and water, and perhaps some environmentally friendly inorganic salts.

However, at present, the results of microbial degradation research can only be regarded as first test edge. Due to the complicated structure of electronic products and the large variety of materials used, there is still much to be done by scientists in order to better handle e-waste. The way to go is still far away.

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